1) Aluminium industry: additive for the production of aluminium by electrolysis.
2) Metal surface treatment: Pickling of metals ( steel sheet prior to nickel plating, zinc prior to copper plating )
3) Ceramics: It is also included to create refractory ceramic products
4) Glass Processing: Used as glazing i.e etching and engraving glass
5) Laser: used as a coating material for mirrors in excimer lasers
6) Catalyst: As catalyst in organic reactions.